isync is a command line application to synchronize mailboxes; it supports Maildir and IMAP4 mailboxes. New messages, message deletions and flag changes can be propagated both ways.
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Synchronization is based on unique message identifiers (UIDs), so no identification conflicts can occur (as opposed to some other mail synchronizers).Synchronization state is kept in one local text file per mailbox pair; multiple replicas of a mailbox can be maintained.
Installing
Install the isync package.
Configuring
First create and customize the main configuration file using this example ~/.mbsyncrc
:
To get rid of the [Gmail]-Stuff (or [Google Mail] as in my case) in each mailbox name, it's possible to use separate Channels for each directory, and later merge them to a group:
As you can see, name-translations are possible this way, as well.
Usage
First make any folders that were specified as Maildirs.
Then to retrieve the mail for a specific channel run:
or to retrive the mail for all channels:
Tips and tricks
Using Path and/or Inbox on NTFS partitions
Since ntfs partitions will not accept ; in a filename, you need to change your InfoDelimiter and your FieldDelimiter to something else, you can achieve this by globaly (outside any store or channel configuration) changing the later, like below:
Calling mbsync automatically
With a timer
If you want to automatically synchronize your mailboxes, isync can be started automatically with a systemd/User unit. The following service file can start the mbsync
command:
The following timer configures mbsync
to be started 2 minutes after boot, and then every 5 minutes:
Once those two files are created, reload systemd, then enable and startmbsync.timer
, adding the --user
flag to systemctl
.
Integration with notmuch or mu4e
If you want to run notmuch or mu/mu4e after automatically synchronizing your mails, it is preferable to modify the above mbsync.service
by adding a post-start hook, like below:
You can also index mu
by changing the ExecStartPost
line to ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/mu index
, or to ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/emacsclient -e '(mu4e-update-index)'
if you are running emacsclient and would like to index mu4e
.
This modification assumes that you have already setup notmuch or mu/mu4e for your user. If the ExecStart command does not execute successfully, the ExecStartPost command will not execute, so be aware of this!
With imapnotify
IMAP IDLE is a way to get push notifications to download new email, rather than polling the server intermittently. This has the advantage of saving bandwidth and delivering your mail as soon as it's available. Isync doesn't have native IDLE suport, but we can use a program like imapnotify to call mbsync when you receive new email. For this example we'll use the goimapnotifyAUR package which is reported to work better with frequent network interruptions.
Isync Calendar App
Install goimapnotifyAUR and create a config file for each mail server you want to poll. Note that the file name format, including the '.conf', is necessary if you want to use the provided systemd service:
(You can view the full configuration options in the project's README.)
Start and enable the service with $ systemctl --user enable --now goimapnotify@gmail.service
.
Note that IMAP IDLE only triggers when new mail arrives, not when there is undownloaded mail on the server. For example, if you receive 100 emails with your computer powered off, then turn on your computer, imapnotify will still not download new mail until you receive another email. For this reason you may want to run mbsync once when you log in.
Using XOAUTH2
Install an XOAUTH2 SASL plugin, like cyrus-sasl-xoauth2-gitAUR.
Then install oauth2tokenAUR and follow its README to configure the account. It will be responsible for getting the current XOAUTH2 token using the account credentials every time mbsync needs to authenticate.
Finally add AuthMechs XOAUTH2
and PassCmd 'oauth2get <provider> <account>'
, substituting <provider>
and <account>
with the values you used for oauth2create
, to the IMAPAccount
section in the .mbsyncrc
.
Troubleshooting
SSL error
If you get the following error:
Since google enforce SNI when you use TLS 1.3, ensure to run at least isync v1.3.0See https://sourceforge.net/p/isync/isync/merge-requests/2/ for more details
If you get certificate related errors like
you may need to retrieve the server's certificates manually in order for mbsync to correctly verify it.
Step #1: Get the certificates
The factual accuracy of this article or section is disputed.
CertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
in the config file may be suffcient (Discuss in Talk:Isync#Step #1: Get the certificates)This will create a certificate file called ~/.cert/some.imap.server.pem
(e.g. ~/.cert/imap.gmail.com.pem
). Alternatively one can download get_certs.sh and run it:
If you wish to do this manually, you may enter:
and it will display output something like:
Simply copy the first block that begins with -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
and ends with -----END CERTIFICATE-----
, paste into a file, and save with a .pem extension (this is necessary for the next step). Older instructions state that, with Gmail, both certificate blocks must be saved but on testing this was found to be unnecessary.
Now, copy the root issuer certificate to your local certificate folder. In this example (Gmail), the root issuer is Equifax Secure Certificate Authority. This certificate is included in the ca-certificates package.
Step #2: Setup mbsync
Configure mbsync to use that certificate:
BAD Command with Exchange 2003
When connecting to an MS Exchange 2003 server, there could be problems when using pipelining (i.e. executing multiple imap commands concurrently). Such an issue could look as follows:
So command 9 is to select a new folder, command 10 checks the mail and commands 11, 12 and 13 run in parallel, writing/getting/flagging a mail. In this case, the Exchange server would terminate the connection after the BAD return value and go on to the next channel. (And if all went well in this channel, mbsync would return with 0.) After setting
in the IMAPStore config part of the Exchange, this problem did not occur any more.
Emails on remote server have the wrong date
This fix works when syncing with fastmail, but it likely applies to other services as well.
If you move an email to a new folder using an email client, and mbsync causes the email to appear with the wrong date onthe server, add this to your configuration file:
For example, without this setting, moving an old email from Inbox to Archive using mu4e and thensyncing to fastmail with mbsync will cause the email to appear in Archive but with the date ofthe sync.
mbsync uses mtime of email message when uploading from maildir to imap server. You can use fix_maildir_mail_mtime.py script to set mtime from email header.
Isyncr Download For Windows
External links
Isync App
- backing up gmail with mbsync[dead link 2020-03-29 ⓘ]